The problem of development analysis and consequently the formulation and implementation of development policies remains the subject of current discussions especially on the African scene. It is necessary to go back a little in time to note that these issues are not entirely new. Already, the period from the end of the Second World War to the end of the fifties marked the emergence of the first studies devoted to the issue of development. One therefore seeks to understand the factors responsible for the backwardness and gaps observed between industrialised and developing countries.

Several development concepts and approaches – inappropriate as these have been – have been advanced by African leaders and intellectuals from independence to the present time. They include:

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